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Species code:	CHLTZ
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Chlamydiae; Chlamydiales; Chlamydiaceae; Chlamydia/Chlamydophila group; Chlamydia (TaxID: 672161) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Chlamydia trachomatis infection is an important cause of preventable blindness and sexually transmitted disease (STD) in humans. There are 15 serovariants that exhibit distinct organotropism for the eye or the urogenital tract and are separated according to the pathobiotypes. Trachoma biovariants consist of serovars A, B, Ba, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J and K. LGV (Lymphogranuloma venereum) biovariants consist of serovars L1, L2 and L3. Trachoma biovariants are noninvasive and epitheliotropic strains that cause blinding trachoma (A to C) or sexually transmitted diseases. LGV biovariants cause sexually transmitted diseases with disseminating infection of draining regional lymph nodes. The trpBA operon encoding tryptophan synthase is functional in STD serovars, whereas trpBA harbors mutations that inactivate the enzyme in ocular serovars. Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasite depending on the host machinery for ATP synthesis. Chlamydial life cycle comprehends an intracellular metabolically- active "reticular body" and an inert extracellular spore-like "elementary body" equipped with a unique disulfide-cross-linked protein envelope. Strain B/BZ1A828/OT is an ocular isolate of serotype B isolated in Tanzania; trpB is disrupted in this strain. It also has a single plasmid, pCTB; C.trachomatis plasmids are useful in diagnostic testing as they are stable and more resistant to nuclease damage than the genome. Data suggest that the chlamydial plasmids are not subject to free exchange but remain closely linked to their cognate chromosomes (adapted from PMID 19460133).
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Human pathogen: Yes Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia (intracellular obligate) Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of CHLTZ entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 888 (2 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 886 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number FM872307 (circular; 1,044,282 bp) (download entry) • Plasmid pCTB EMBL accession number FM865437 (circular; 7,502 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=19460133; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Seth-Smith H.M.B., Harris S.R., Persson K., Marsh P., Barron A., Bignell A., Bjartling C., Clark L., Cutcliffe L.T., Lambden P.R., Lennard N., Lockey S.J., Quail M.A., Salim O., Skilton R.J., Wang Y., Holland M.J., Parkhill J., Thomson N.R., Clarke I.N. ; "Co-evolution of genomes and plasmids within Chlamydia trachomatis and the emergence in Sweden of a new variant strain."; BMC Genomics 10:239-239(2009).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.sanger.ac.uk/sequencing/Chlamydia/trachomatis/CTA_CTB/ Other web sites: Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=32653 Genome Atlas: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/gwBrowser/precalc/project.php?pid=32653 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ctra_BTZ1A828OTB  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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