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HAMAP: Clostridium botulinum (strain ATCC 19397 / Type A) complete proteome
General information

Species:  Clostridium botulinum (strain ATCC 19397 / Type A)
Species code: CLOB1
Taxonomy: Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium (TaxID: 441770) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description: Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum neurotoxin, one of deadliest toxins known. It inhibits acetylcholine release in neuromuscular junctions, causing paralysis by inhibiting muscle contraction. In most cases the affected person dies of asphyxiation or heart failure. Strains of C. botulinum are physiologically heterogeneous, and four distinct phenotypic groups (I to IV) are recognized. These four metabolically distinct groups do not, however, necessarily correlate with the serological specificities of the botulinum neurotoxin produced, which are classified into 7 serotypes, A-F. The type A toxin is used in minute doses to treat both painful muscle spasms and as a cosmetic treatment to temporarily remove frown lines between eyebrows.

Strain ATCC 19397 is a representative of the Group I (proteolytic) botulinum toxin producing bacteria. Group I strains produce one or two toxins of type A, B or F; ATCC 19397 produces type A neurotoxin. Food-borne, infant and wound botulism can all be caused by Group I strains.
Properties: Presence of flagella: Yes
Human pathogen: Yes
Interaction: Saprophyte; Animal pathogen in Mammalia
Number of membranes: 1
Number of inteins:0
Statistics: Number of CLOB1 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3546 (310 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3236 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)


Genome(s) sequenced

Strain:    ATCC 19397 / Type A
Genome structure:
Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000726 (circular; 3,863,450 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):
[1] PubMed=18060065; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ]
Smith T.J., Hill K.K., Foley B.T., Detter J.C., Munk A.C., Bruce D.C., Doggett N.A., Smith L.A., Marks J.D., Xie G., Brettin T.S. ;
"Analysis of the neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum A1-A4 and B1 strains: BoNT/A3, /Ba4 and /B1 clusters are located within plasmids.";
PLoS ONE 2:E1271-E1271(2007).
Web links:
Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=19517
GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Cbot_ATCC19397
Pathema: http://pathema.jcvi.org/tigr-scripts/Clostridium/shared/GenomePage.cgi?org=clb
 EBI Proteome Analysis page



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