AC   MF_04200;
DC   Protein; auto
TR   HAMAP; MF_04200; -; 1; level=0
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Names: ALPHA_CORONA_SPIKE
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ID   SPIKE
DE   RecName: Full=Spike glycoprotein;
DE            Short=S glycoprotein;
DE   AltName: Full=E2;
DE   AltName: Full=Peplomer protein;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=S;
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CC   -!- FUNCTION: S1 region attaches the virion to the cell membrane by
CC       interacting with the host receptor, initiating the infection. Binding
CC       to the receptor probably induces conformational changes in the S
CC       glycoprotein unmasking the fusion peptide of S2 region and activating
CC       membranes fusion. S2 region belongs to the class I viral fusion
CC       protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3
CC       conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin
CC       intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and
CC       target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats)
CC       regions assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion
CC       peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain.
CC       The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and
CC       subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homotrimer. During virus morphogenesis, found in a complex
CC       with M and HE proteins. Interacts with host receptor.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane
CC       protein. Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
CC       membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Accumulates in the
CC       endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, where it
CC       participates in virus particle assembly.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The KxHxx motif seems to function as an ER retrieval signal.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alphacoronaviruses spike protein family.
CC   -!- CAUTION: In contrast to serogroups 2 and 3, S glycoprotein from
CC       serogroup 1 is not cleaved into S1 and S2.
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DR   Pfam; PF01600; Corona_S1; 1; trigger=no
DR   Pfam; PF01601; Corona_S2; 1; trigger=no
DR   General; Coiled_coil; -; 2-unlimited; trigger=no
DR   General; Signal; -; 1; trigger=no
DR   General; Transmembrane; -; 1; trigger=no
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KW   Coiled coil
KW   Glycoprotein
KW   Host membrane
KW   Host-virus interaction
KW   Membrane
KW   Signal
KW   Transmembrane
KW   Transmembrane helix
KW   Viral attachment to host cell
KW   Viral envelope protein
KW   Virion
KW   Virulence
KW   Virus entry into host cell
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GO   GO:0044173; C:host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
GO   GO:0016020; C:membrane
GO   GO:0019031; C:viral envelope
GO   GO:0055036; C:virion membrane
GO   GO:0075509; P:endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell
GO   GO:0039654; P:fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane
GO   GO:0019064; P:fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane
GO   GO:0046813; P:receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell
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FT   From: SPIKE_CVH22 (P15423)
FT   SIGNAL          Nter..15
FT   CHAIN           16..1173
FT                   /note="Spike glycoprotein"
FT   TOPO_DOM        16..1115
FT                   /note="Virion surface"
FT   TRANSMEM        1116..1135
FT                   /note="Helical"
FT   TOPO_DOM        1136..1173
FT                   /note="Intravirion"
FT   REGION          16..536
FT                   /note="S1"
FT   REGION          537..1173
FT                   /note="S2"
FT   REGION          753..773
FT                   /note="Fusion peptide"
FT   COILED          834..878
FT   COILED          1063..1105
FT   MOTIF           1169..1173
FT                   /note="KxHxx"
FT   Condition: K-x-H-x-x
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Size: 1173-1453;
Related: None;
Template: P15423;
Scope:
 Viruses; Alphacoronavirus
Fusion:
 Nter: None
 Cter: None
Duplicate: None
Plasmid: None
Comments: None
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# Revision 1.5 2022/09/29
//