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HAMAP: Clostridium difficile (strain 630) complete proteome
General information

Species:  Clostridium difficile (strain 630)
Species code: CLOD6
Taxonomy: Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium (TaxID: 272563) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description: Clostridium difficile, a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea among patients in hospitals worldwide, causing C. difficile infection (CDI). An important nosocomial pathogen, it is frequently associated with antibiotic treatment and causes diseases ranging from antibiotic-associated diarrhea to life-threatening pseudomembraneous colitis. Although two important virulence factors of C. difficile have been shown to be exotoxins, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), little is known about other factors involved in the adherence and colonization processes. In the past 5 years a new group of highly virulent C. difficile strains has emerged to cause outbreaks of increased disease severity in North America and Europe. Several studies have shown that patients infected with these PCR-ribotype 027 strains have more severe diarrhea, higher mortality and more recurrences.

Strain 603 (epidemic type X, PCR-ribotype 012) is a virulent and multidrug-resistant strain, and was isolated from a hospital patient with severe pseudomembraneous colitis, which had spread to several other patients on the same ward. It has several copies of a chimaeric genetic element comprising a group I intron and insertion element (an IStron). Where an IStron is inserted in an expressed gene it is probably precisely excised so that the gene remains functional.
Properties: Presence of flagella: not known
Human pathogen: Yes
Interaction: Animal commensal in Mammalia; Animal pathogen in Mammalia
Number of membranes: 1
Number of inteins:0
Statistics: Number of CLOD6 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3784 (291 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3493 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)


Genome(s) sequenced

Strain:    630
Genome structure:
• Chromosome EMBL accession number AM180355 (circular; 4,290,252 bp) (download entry)
• Plasmid pCD630 EMBL accession number AM180356 (circular; 7,881 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):
[1] PubMed=16804543; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ]
Sebaihia M., Wren B.W., Mullany P., Fairweather N.F., Minton N., Stabler R., Thomson N.R., Roberts A.P., Cerdeno-Tarraga A.M., Wang H., Holden M.T.G., Wright A., Churcher C., Quail M.A., Baker S., Bason N., Brooks K., Chillingworth T., Cronin A., Davis P., Dowd L., Fraser A., Feltwell T., Hance Z., Holroyd S., Jagels K., Moule S., Mungall K., Price C., Rabbinowitsch E., Sharp S., Simmonds M., Stevens K., Unwin L., Whithead S., Dupuy B., Dougan G., Barrell B., Parkhill J. ;
"The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome.";
Nat. Genet. 38:779-786(2006).
Web links:
Official genome site(s):
http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/C_difficile/
Other web sites:
Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid272563%5Borgn%5D
GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Cdif_630
 EBI Proteome Analysis page



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