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HAMAP: Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis (strain FSC 198) complete proteome
General information

Species:  Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis (strain FSC 198)
Species code: FRAT1
Taxonomy: Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Thiotrichales; Francisellaceae; Francisella (TaxID: 393115) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description: Francisella tularensis is a non-motile, aerobic rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of tularemia. Tularemia can affect both humans and animals. The subspecies tularensis (Type A) and holarctica (Type B) are the ones most commonly associated with the human disease. Its natural hosts are rabbits, hares, beavers and other rodents, as well as flies and mosquitos. The disease can be transmitted by different ways: through scratches or bites from animals, through consumption of contaminated meat or water or through inhalation of bacteria. The symptoms developed by infected people directly reflect the mode of transmission: pneumonia-like illness for the airborne transmission; throat infection, stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting for the gastrointestinal transmission; apparition of a sore at the entry point of the bacteria and swelling of the draining lymph nodes for transmission via skin wounds. Tularemia can be treated with antibiotics, but without therapy the mortality rate of respiratory tularemia can be as high as 5-30%. F.tularensis is very infectious and ten cells are sufficient to cause infection in humans. The bacterium can survive for weeks at low temperatures in water, soil or animal carcasses. During World War II, the use of F.tularensis as a biological weapon was studied by Japan, Soviet Union and USA.

Strain FSC198 was isolated in Slovakia in 1986 following a survey of small mammals, fleas, ticks and mice. It is practically identical to the widely studied North American laboratory strain Schu S4, having only 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 variable number tandem repeat differences. It has been suggested that that this is not native to central Europe but is rather the result of anthropogenic activities, such as movement of strains or animal vectors (adapted from PubMed 17406676).
Properties: Presence of flagella: No
Human pathogen: Yes
Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia
Number of membranes: 2
Number of inteins:0
Statistics: Number of FRAT1 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 1528 (271 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 1257 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)


Genome(s) sequenced

Strain:    FSC 198
Genome structure:
Chromosome EMBL accession number AM286280 (circular; 1,892,616 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):
[1] PubMed=17406676; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ]
Chaudhuri R.R., Ren C.-P., Desmond L., Vincent G.A., Silman N.J., Brehm J.K., Elmore M.J., Hudson M.J., Forsman M., Isherwood K.E., Gurycova D., Minton N.P., Titball R.W., Pallen M.J., Vipond R. ;
"Genome sequencing shows that European isolates of Francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis are almost identical to US laboratory strain Schu S4.";
PLoS ONE 2:E352-E352(2007).
Web links:
Official genome site(s):
http://www.ii.bham.ac.uk/research/index.htm
Other web sites:
Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid393115%5Borgn%5D
GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ftul_FSC198
PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=analysis&Db=p3_p17375_Fra_tular
 EBI Proteome Analysis page



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