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HAMAP: Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (strain OSU18) complete proteome
General information

Species:  Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (strain OSU18)
Species code: FRATO
Taxonomy: Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Thiotrichales; Francisellaceae; Francisella (TaxID: 393011) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description: Francisella tularensis is a non-motile, aerobic rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium and is the causative agent of tularemia. Tularemia can affect both humans and animals. The subspecies tularensis (Type A) and holarctica (Type B) are the ones most commonly associated with the human disease. Its natural hosts are rabbits, hares, beavers and other rodents, as well as flies and mosquitos. The disease can be transmitted by different ways: through scratches or bites from animals, through consumption of contaminated meat or water or through inhalation of bacteria. The symptoms developed by infected people directly reflect the mode of transmission: pneumonia-like illness for the airborne transmission; throat infection, stomach pain, diarrhea and vomiting for the gastrointestinal transmission; apparition of a sore at the entry point of the bacteria and swelling of the draining lymph nodes for transmission via skin wounds. Tularemia can be treated with antibiotics, but without therapy the mortality rate of respiratory tularemia can be as high as 5-30%. F.tularensis is very infectious and ten cells are sufficient to cause infection in humans. The bacterium can survive for weeks at low temperatures in water, soil or animal carcasses. During World War II, the use of F.tularensis as a biological weapon was studied by Japan, Soviet Union and USA.

Strain OSU18 is a virulent, low passage strain isolated from a dead beaver in the USA in 1978. It has almost 99% sequence identity with the more virulent type A strain Schu4 (FRATT), but there are many rearrangements and pseudogene differences that may explain the different virulence, geographic and host ranges of the two strains. No rearrangements and only 448 polymorphisms (in non-transposase sequences) are found between OSU18 and the attentuated type B LSV strain. These polymorphisms are expected to include mutations that cause the observed attenutation.
Properties: Presence of flagella: No
Human pathogen: Yes
Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia (facultative intracellular)
Number of membranes: 2
Number of inteins:0
Statistics: Number of FRATO entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 1510 (270 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 1240 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)


Genome(s) sequenced

Strain:    OSU18
Genome structure:
Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000437 (circular; 1,895,727 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):
[1] PubMed=16980500; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ]
Petrosino J.F., Xiang Q., Karpathy S.E., Jiang H., Yerrapragada S., Liu Y., Gioia J., Hemphill L., Gonzalez A., Raghavan T.M., Uzman A., Fox G.E., Highlander S., Reichard M., Morton R.J., Clinkenbeard K.D., Weinstock G.M. ;
"Chromosome rearrangement and diversification of Francisella tularensis revealed by the type B (OSU18) genome sequence.";
J. Bacteriol. 188:6977-6985(2006).
Web links:
Official genome site(s):
http://www.hgsc.bcm.tmc.edu/projects/microbial/Ftularensis/
Other web sites:
Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid393011%5Borgn%5D
GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ftul_OSU18
PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=analysis&Db=p3_p17265_Fra_tular
 EBI Proteome Analysis page



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