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Species code:	SALNS
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; Enterobacteriaceae; Salmonella; Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport (TaxID: 423368) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Salmonella species belong to the group of Enterobactericiae. These bacteria were named after the scientist Dr. Daniel Salmon who isolated the first organism, Salmonella choleraesuis, from the intestine of a pig. The majority of the components of these bacteria are identical, and at the DNA level, they are between 95% and 99% identical. Many Salmonella enterica are involved in causing diseases of the intestine (enteric means pertaining to the intestine). The nontyphoidal Salmonella are the leading cause of bacterial food borne illness in humans, making these pathogens an immediate biomedical, public health, and biodefense concern. The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. to colonize and infect host organisms. There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria, which then leads to systemic spread. Salmonella newport (strain SL254) is prevalent in many geographic regions. Outbreak investigations and targeted studies have identified dairy cattle as the main reservoir of S. newport. Antimicrobial resistance (Newport MDR-AmpC) is particularly problematic in this serotype, where the prevalence of Newport MDR-AmpC among S. newport isolates from humans in the United States increased from 0% during 1996-1997 to 26% in 2001. MDR strains of S. newport have been recorded as resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and many of these strains show intermediate or full resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, kanamycin, potentiated sulphonamides, and gentamicin. Two distinct evolutionary lineages exist in this serotype; antibiotic susceptible strain SL317 is from one lineage, while MDR strain SL254 is from the other.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: Yes Human pathogen: Yes Interaction: No Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of SALNS entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 4784 (713 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 4071 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number CP001113 (circular; 4,827,641 bp) (download entry) • Plasmid pSN254 EMBL accession number CP000604 (circular; 176,473 bp) (download entry) • Plasmid pSL254_3 EMBL accession number CP001112 (circular; 3,605 bp) (download entry)
Reference(s):	[1] Ravel J., Fricke W.F., White D., McDermott P., Mammel M., Rosovitz M., Leclerc J., Cebula T., Sebastian Y. ; "Complete genome of Salmonella newport strain SL254."; Submitted (JUL-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://msc.jcvi.org/salmonella/salmonella_enterica_subsp__enterica_serovar_newport_str__sl254/index.shtml Other web sites: Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=18747 Genome Atlas: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/gwBrowser/project.php?pid=18747 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Sent_SL254 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=analysis&Db=p3_p18747_Sal_enter  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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