HAMAP rule MF_01897

General rule information [?]

Accession	MF_01897
Dates	3-MAY-2011 (Created) 10-OCT-2023 (Last updated, Version 13)
Name	GyrA
Scope(s)	Bacteria Archaea
Template(s)	P0AES4 (GYRA_ECOLI); P9WG47 (GYRA_MYCTU); P37411 (GYRA_SALTY); O67108 (TOP4A_AQUAE); [ Recover all ]
Triggered by	HAMAP; MF_01897 (Get profile general information and statistics)

Propagated annotation [?]

Identifier, protein and gene names [?]

Identifier	GYRA
Protein name	RecName: Full=DNA gyrase subunit A; EC=5.6.2.2;
Gene name	Name=gyrA;

Comments [?]

FUNCTION	A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to modulate DNA topology and maintain chromosomes in an underwound state. Negative supercoiling favors strand separation, and DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair, all of which involve strand separation. Also able to catalyze the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes and knotted rings. Type II topoisomerases break and join 2 DNA strands simultaneously in an ATP-dependent manner.
CATALYTIC ACTIVITY	Reaction=ATP-dependent breakage, passage and rejoining of double- stranded DNA.; EC=5.6.2.2;
SUBUNIT	Heterotetramer, composed of two GyrA and two GyrB chains. In the heterotetramer, GyrA contains the active site tyrosine that forms a transient covalent intermediate with DNA, while GyrB binds cofactors and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION	Cytoplasm.
MISCELLANEOUS	Few gyrases are as efficient as E.coli at forming negative supercoils. Not all organisms have 2 type II topoisomerases; in organisms with a single type II topoisomerase this enzyme also has to decatenate newly replicated chromosomes.
SIMILARITY	Belongs to the type II topoisomerase GyrA/ParC subunit family.

Keywords [?]

Gene Ontology [?]

GO:0005524; Molecular function:ATP binding

GO:0003677; Molecular function:DNA binding

GO:0003918; Molecular function:DNA topoisomerase type II (double strand cut, ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

GO:0006265; Biological process:DNA topological change

GO:0006261; Biological process:DNA-templated DNA replication

GO:0005737; Cellular component:cytoplasm

Cross-references [?]

Features [?]

From: GYRA_ECOLI (P0AES4)

Key

From

Description

Tag

Condition

FTGroup

ACT_SITE

122

/note="O-(5'-phospho-DNA)-tyrosine intermediate"

MOTIF

560

566

/note="GyrA-box"

motif

Q-[KNRHGA]-[RIT]-[GA]-[GT]-[KRVIQH]-G

Additional information [?]

Size range	697-1016 amino acids
Related rules	None
Fusion	Nter: None Cter: None
Comments	The degree of DNA negative supercoiling has been studied in very few bacteria, E.coli gyrase is extra efficient compared to other bacteria. The enzyme from Aquifex aeolicus is a topoisomerase IV; the A subunit has lost the GyrA-box and despite its similarity to GyrA does not have the ability to negatively supercoil DNA. Some members of this family contain inteins.