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HAMAP rule MF_04069

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General rule information [?]

Accession MF_04069
Dates 11-APR-2017 (Created)
1-MAR-2024 (Last updated, Version 9)
Name INFV_M2
Scope(s) Viruses
Orthomyxoviridae
Template(s) P06821 (M2_I34A1); [ Recover all ]
Triggered by HAMAP; MF_04069 (Get profile general information and statistics)

Propagated annotation [?]

Identifier, protein and gene names [?]

Identifier M2
Protein name RecName: Full=Matrix protein 2;
AltName: Full=Proton channel protein M2;
Gene name Name=M;

Comments [?]

FUNCTIONForms a proton-selective ion channel that is necessary for the efficient release of the viral genome during virus entry. After attaching to the cell surface, the virion enters the cell by endocytosis. Acidification of the endosome triggers M2 ion channel activity. The influx of protons into virion interior is believed to disrupt interactions between the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP), matrix protein 1 (M1), and lipid bilayers, thereby freeing the viral genome from interaction with viral proteins and enabling RNA segments to migrate to the host cell nucleus, where influenza virus RNA transcription and replication occur. Also plays a role in viral proteins secretory pathway. Elevates the intravesicular pH of normally acidic compartments, such as trans-Golgi network, preventing newly formed hemagglutinin from premature switching to the fusion-active conformation.
SUBUNITHomotetramer; composed of two disulfide-linked dimers held together by non-covalent interactions. May interact with matrix protein 1.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATIONVirion membrane. Host apical cell membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein. Note=Abundantly expressed at the apical plasma membrane in infected polarized epithelial cells, in close proximity to budding and assembled virions. Minor component of virions (only 16-20 molecules/virion).
DOMAINCytoplasmic tail plays an important role in virion assembly and morphogenesis.
MISCELLANEOUSWhen the channel is activated, one or more imidazole moities of #{His-37} probably become bi-protonated.
SIMILARITYBelongs to the influenza viruses matrix protein M2 family.

Keywords [?]


Gene Ontology [?]

GO:0020002; Cellular component:host cell plasma membrane
GO:0016020; Cellular component:membrane
GO:0055036; Cellular component:virion membrane
GO:0015078; Molecular function:proton transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0005216; Molecular function:monoatomic ion channel activity
GO:0044694; Biological process:symbiont genome entry into host cell via pore formation in plasma membrane
GO:0051259; Biological process:protein complex oligomerization
GO:0039521; Biological process:suppression by virus of host autophagy

Cross-references [?]

Pfam PF00599; Flu_M2; 1;
General Transmembrane; -; 1;

Features [?]

From: M2_I34A1 (P06821)
Key From To Description Tag Condition FTGroup
TOPO_DOM Nter 22 /note="Virion surface"
TRANSMEM 23 43 /note="Helical; Signal-anchor for type III membrane protein"
TOPO_DOM 44 Cter /note="Intravirion"
SITE 37 37 /note="Essential for channel activity, possibly by being protonated during channel activation, and by forming the channel gate and the selective filter" H
SITE 41 41 /note="Seems to be involved in pH gating" W
MOD_RES 64 64 /note="Phosphoserine; by host" S
MOD_RES 82 82 /note="Phosphoserine; by host" S
MOD_RES 93 93 /note="Phosphoserine; by host" S
LIPID 50 50 /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine; by host" C
CARBOHYD 20 20 /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host" Carbo N
DISULFID 17 17 /note="Interchain (with #{Cys-17})" C
DISULFID 19 19 /note="Interchain (with #{Cys-19})" C

Additional information [?]

Size range 96-100 amino acids
Related rules None
Fusion Nter: None Cter: None



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