HAMAP rule MF_04151

Accession	MF_04151
Dates	15-JAN-2021 (Created) 25-MAR-2021 (Last updated, Version 3)

Name

NEEDLE_T4

Scope

Viruses

Template

P16009 (NEEDL_BPT4)

Triggered by

HAMAP; MF_04151 (Get profile general information and statistics)

Identifier

NEEDL

Protein name

RecName: Full=Pre-baseplate central spike protein Gp5; Short=Pre-Gp5; AltName: Full=Peptidoglycan hydrolase gp5; EC 3.2.1.17; Contains: RecName: Full=Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*; AltName: Full=Mature Gp5; Contains: RecName: Full=Gp5C;

Gene name

5

Protein name

RecName: Full=Pre-baseplate central spike protein; AltName: Full=Peptidoglycan hydrolase; EC 3.2.1.17; Contains: RecName: Full=Mature baseplate central spike protein; Contains: RecName: Full=Baseplate central spike protein C-terminus;

Protein name

RecName: Full=Baseplate central spike protein; AltName: Full=Peptidoglycan hydrolase; EC 3.2.1.17;

Function	[Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*]: Baseplate central spike complex-associated lysozyme that is essential for the localized hydrolysis of bacterial cell wall, so that the tail tube, through which the phage DNA is ejected, can penetrate to the host inner membrane. The tail lysozyme complex at the tip of the tail tube penetrates through the outer membrane into the periplasm and during that process, gp5* dissociates from gp5C and activated. Due to the lower pH in the periplasm, gp5* would dissociate from gp27 which probably still binds to the tip of the tube. This way, lysozyme domain is released and locally digests the peptidoglycan layer to make a hole to let the tube penetrate to the inner membrane. Involved in the tail assembly.
Catalytic activity	[Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*]: Reaction=Hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins.; EC=3.2.1.17;
Subunit	[Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*]: Monomer. The central spike complex, which creates an extension of the tail tube, is made up of three copies of the gp27-gp5*-gp5C complex and one copy of gp5.4. Part of the baseplate macromolecular complex which consists of gp5*, gp5C, gp5.4, gp27 (central spike complex); gp6, gp25, gp53 (inner baseplate); gp7, gp8 (intermediate baseplate); gp9, gp10, gp11, gp12 (peripheral); gp48 and gp54 (proximal region of the tail tube).
	[Gp5C]: Homotrimer. The central spike complex, which creates an extension of the tail tube, is made up of three copies of the gp27-gp5*-gp5C complex and one copy of gp5.4. Part of the baseplate macromolecular complex which consists of gp5*, gp5C, gp5.4, gp27 (central spike complex); gp6, gp25, gp53 (inner baseplate); gp7, gp8 (intermediate baseplate); gp9, gp10, gp11, gp12 (peripheral); gp48 and gp54 (proximal region of the tail tube).
	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein Gp5]: Homotrimer.
Subcellular location	[Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*]: Virion. Note=Present in 3 copies in the baseplate.
	[Gp5C]: Virion. Note=Present in 3 copies in the baseplate.
	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein Gp5]: Virion. Note=Present in the baseplate.
Ptm	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein Gp5]: In the fully assembled virus, gp5 precursor is cleaved to form the mature tail lysozyme gp5*, and a C-terminus fragment, gp5C. The two fragments remain associated with the virion. The enzymatic activity of the precursor is about 10% of that of mature gp5*.
Similarity	Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 24 family.

Function	[Mature baseplate central spike protein]: Baseplate central spike complex-associated lysozyme that is essential for the localized hydrolysis of bacterial cell wall, so that the tail tube, through which the phage DNA is ejected, can penetrate to the host inner membrane. The tail lysozyme complex at the tip of the tail tube penetrates through the outer membrane into the periplasm. This way, lysozyme domain is released and locally digests the peptidoglycan layer to make a hole to let the tube penetrate to the inner membrane. Involved in the tail assembly.
Catalytic activity	[Mature baseplate central spike protein]: Reaction=Hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins.; EC=3.2.1.17;
Subunit	[Mature baseplate central spike protein]: Monomer. The central spike complex creates an extension of the tail tube.
	[Baseplate central spike protein C-terminus]: Homotrimer. The central spike complex creates an extension of the tail tube.
	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein]: Homotrimer.
Subcellular location	[Mature baseplate central spike protein]: Virion. Note=Present in the baseplate.
	[Baseplate central spike protein C-terminus]: Virion. Note=Present in the baseplate.
	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein]: Virion. Note=Present in the baseplate.
Ptm	[Pre-baseplate central spike protein]: In the fully assembled virus, the pre-baseplate central spike protein is cleaved to form the mature baseplate central spike protein, and a C-terminus fragment, the baseplate central spike protein C-terminus. The two fragments remain associated with the virion.
Caution	The cleavage site between the mature baseplate central spike protein and the baseplate central spike protein C-terminus is uncertain.
Similarity	Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 24 family.

Function	[Baseplate central spike protein]: Baseplate central spike complex-associated lysozyme that is essential for the localized hydrolysis of bacterial cell wall, so that the tail tube, through which the phage DNA is ejected, can penetrate to the host inner membrane. The tail lysozyme complex at the tip of the tail tube penetrates through the outer membrane into the periplasm. This way, lysozyme domain is released and locally digests the peptidoglycan layer to make a hole to let the tube penetrate to the inner membrane. Involved in the tail assembly.
Catalytic activity	[Baseplate central spike protein]: Reaction=Hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in a peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrins.; EC=3.2.1.17;
Similarity	Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 24 family.

Antimicrobial
Bacteriolytic enzyme
Degradation of host cell envelope components during virus entry
Degradation of host peptidoglycans during virus entry
Glycosidase
Hydrolase
Late protein
Viral baseplate protein
Viral genome ejection through host cell envelope
Viral penetration into host cytoplasm
Viral release from host cell
Viral tail assembly
Viral tail protein
Virion
Virus entry into host cell

GO:0098015; Cellular component: virus tail.
GO:0098025; Cellular component: virus tail, baseplate.
GO:0003796; Molecular function: lysozyme activity.
GO:0098932; Biological process: disruption by virus of host cell wall peptidoglycan during virus entry.
GO:0009253; Biological process: peptidoglycan catabolic process.
GO:0098003; Biological process: viral tail assembly.

Pfam	PF06715; Gp5_C; 3;
	PF06714; Gp5_OB; 1;
	PF00959; Phage_lysozyme; 1;
PRINTS	PR00684; T4LYSOZYME; 1;

From: NEEDL_BPT4 (P16009)

Key

From

To

Description

Tag

Condition

FTGroup

ACT_SITE

184

184

Proton donor

E

ACT_SITE

193

193

Nucleophile

D

SITE (Optional)

351

352

Cleavage

Cleavage

S-A

CHAIN

Nter

Cter

Pre-baseplate central spike protein Gp5

CHAIN

Nter

351

Baseplate central spike protein Gp5*

CHAIN

352

Cter

Gp5C

CHAIN

Nter

Cter

Pre-baseplate central spike protein

CHAIN

Nter

351

Mature baseplate central spike protein

CHAIN

352

Cter

Baseplate central spike protein C-terminus

CHAIN

Nter

Cter

Baseplate central spike protein

Size range	550-700 amino acids
Related rules	None
Fusion	None

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