HAMAP rule MF_04168
General rule information
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| Accession | MF_04168 |
| Dates | 16-JUL-2021 (Created)
1-DEC-2022 (Last updated, Version 5) |
| Name | HOLIN_D29 |
| Scope(s) |
Viruses Caudoviricetes |
| Template(s) | O64204 (HOLIN_BPMD2); [ Recover all ] |
| Triggered by |
HAMAP; MF_04168 (Get profile general information and statistics) |
Propagated annotation
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Identifier, protein and gene names
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| Identifier | HOLIN |
| Protein name | RecName: Full=Holin; |
Comments
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| FUNCTION | Accumulates harmlessly in the cytoplasmic membrane until it reaches a critical concentration that triggers the formation of micron- scale pores (holes) causing host cell membrane disruption and endolysin escape into the periplasmic space. Determines the precise timing of host cell lysis. Participates with the endolysin protein in the sequential events which lead to the programmed host cell lysis releasing the mature viral particles from the host cell. |
| SUBUNIT | Homomultimer. Self-associates to form a pore. |
| case <AnyFeature:Transmembrane>=2> and <Feature:Coiled_coil> | |
| SUBCELLULAR LOCATION | Host cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. |
| DOMAIN | The first transmembrane region undergoes a helix to beta- hairpin conformational change, which is responsible for its self- association and pore formation in the host membrane. The coiled coil region is required for host cell lysis and for cytotoxic activity. The C-terminus determines the size of the hole. |
| end case | |
| case <AnyFeature:Transmembrane>=2> and not <Feature:Coiled_coil> | |
| SUBCELLULAR LOCATION | Host cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. |
| DOMAIN | The first transmembrane region undergoes a helix to beta- hairpin conformational change, which is responsible for its self- association and pore formation in the host membrane. The C-terminus determines the size of the hole. |
| end case | |
| case <AnyFeature:Transmembrane<2> and <Feature:Coiled_coil> | |
| SUBCELLULAR LOCATION | Host cell inner membrane. |
| DOMAIN | The coiled coil region is required for host cell lysis and for cytotoxic activity. The C-terminus determines the size of the hole. |
| end case | |
| case <AnyFeature:Transmembrane<2> and not <Feature:Coiled_coil> | |
| SUBCELLULAR LOCATION | Host cell inner membrane. |
| DOMAIN | The C-terminus determines the size of the hole. |
| end case | |
| SIMILARITY | Belongs to the D29 holin family. |
Keywords
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| case <Feature:coiled> | |
| Coiled coil | |
| end case | |
| Cytolysis | |
| Host cell inner membrane | |
| Host cell lysis by virus | |
| Host cell membrane | |
| Membrane | |
| Transmembrane | |
| Transmembrane helix | |
| Viral release from host cell | |
Gene Ontology
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| GO:0140911; Molecular function:pore-forming activity |
| GO:0016020; Cellular component:membrane |
| GO:0020002; Cellular component:host cell plasma membrane |
Cross-references
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| Pfam | PF16081; Phage_holin_7_1; 1; |
| General | Transmembrane; -; 2; |
| General | Coiled_coil; -; 0-unlimited; |
Features
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Additional information
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| Size range | 120-170 amino acids |
| Related rules |
None |
| Fusion | Nter: None Cter: None |